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Ken A. Dill
Ken A. Dill is a biophysicist and chemist best known for his work in folding pathways of proteins. He is the director of the Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology at Stony Brook University. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2008.〔S. Gupta, 2012, Profile of Ken A. Dill, ''Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.'' 109(9):3194–3196 (February 28, 2012), DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1200576109, see (), accessed 6 June 2014.〕 He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2014.
== Life ==
Dill was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma in 1947.〔 He attended MIT where he obtained a S.B. and S.M. in Mechanical Engineering (1971).〔 He obtained his Ph.D. in 1978 at UCSD in the Biology Department working with Bruno H. Zimm, studying the biophysical properties of DNA molecules. Towards the end of his doctoral research, he had become interested in the mechanics of protein folding, specifically the way that the RNA-degrading enzyme Ribonuclease, folds into its native state. But before tackling the protein folding problem, he moved to Stanford University and worked with Paul J. Flory in Chemistry, for his post-doctoral training. There, he indirectly studied cellular structures by focusing on the structural dynamics of micelles. After this, he returned to California, to University of California, San Francisco, where he popularized the idea that any given protein's surrounding environment places constraints upon it, such that the shapes that it can assume are dramatically decreased. Mathematically, this can be visualized as a funnel, in which the several unfolded and misfolded high energy states of the protein occupy positions nearer the top of the funnel, but once the protein begins to fold, its options narrow down and it rapidly collapses into its most stable, low energy state. In Dill's words, "Like skiers all arriving at the same lodge, the folding protein gets systematically closer to the desired protein shape as it moves down the funnel".〔
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